Interferensi Bahasa Mandailing dalam Bahasa Indonesia pada Ranah Pendidikan: Kajian Sosiolinguistik terhadap Kontak Bahasa

Abstrak

This study addresses the issue of Mandailing language interference. Previous research has documented interference at the phonological, morphological, lexical, and syntactic levels, yet the relationship between interference forms, bilingual contexts, and their implications for Indonesian language learning has not been systematically synthesized. This study employs a qualitative literature review design by examining 25 scholarly articles published between 2021 and 2025, focusing on Mandailing language, language contact, bilingualism, code-switching, local language maintenance, and language digitalization. Bibliographic data and substantive findings were analyzed through thematic coding, cross-study comparison, and interpretive synthesis. The results reveal three main tendencies. First, Mandailing interference most consistently appears in lexical and syntactic domains, followed by morphology and phonology, particularly when speakers shift from family communication patterns to academic environments. Second, interference is not merely a linguistic error but a consequence of language contact, linked to the dominance of Indonesian, limited mastery of academic vocabulary, first-language habits, and communicative needs of bilingual speakers. Third, contextual learning strategies, error mapping, strengthening metalinguistic awareness, and the use of Mandailing digital resources have the potential to reduce interference that hinders Indonesian accuracy while simultaneously preserving local language competence. This study contributes by offering a pedagogical framework that positions Mandailing not as an obstacle, but as a linguistic resource to be consciously managed within bilingual education.