Perbandingan Kosakata Bahasa Mandailing dan Bahasa Angkola: Kajian Leksikostatistik dan Korespondensi Bentuk

Authors

  • Afnan Ali Parapat UIN Syahada Padangsidimpuan, Indonesia
  • Feri Gunawan Universitas Muhamadiyah Tapanuli Selatan, Indonesia
  • Wina Aulia Universitas Muhamadiyah Tapanuli Selatan, Indonesia
  • Rahmat Huda Universitas Muhamadiyah Tapanuli Selatan, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Rifa'at Universitas Muhamadiyah Tapanuli Selatan, Indonesia
  • Salma Awae Ban Yaning School, Thailand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64733/angkola-mandailing.v2i1.227

Keywords:

Angkola Language, Lexical Comparison, Lexicostatistics, Mandailing Language, Vocabulary

Abstract

This study aims to compare the vocabulary of the Mandailing and Angkola languages, focusing on the degree of lexical similarity, patterns of form differences, and their implications for the genealogical relationship between the two languages. The research problem arises from the fact that Mandailing and Angkola are often placed within the same cultural and geographical space, yet differences in everyday vocabulary use have not always been systematically explained. The study employs a comparative historical linguistic approach with lexicostatistical techniques. The primary data were compiled from basic vocabulary lists derived from previous studies and lexicographic documentation, then compared to identify identical pairs, phonologically corresponding forms, phonetically similar items, or unrelated words. The findings show that the two languages share a strong lexical affinity. A 2021 lexicostatistical study comparing 200 Morris Swadesh vocabulary items found 98 identical pairs and a kinship level of about 71 percent, accompanied by patterns of sound substitution, reduction, and addition. A study conducted in Pasaman Regency in 2022 also reported 98 identical forms out of 200 vocabulary items. Furthermore, research on Proto-Austronesian sound changes demonstrates that Mandailing and Angkola exhibit several phonological change patterns that help explain lexical differences. This comparison indicates that vocabulary variation does not necessarily signify a distant linguistic separation but rather reflects sound changes and lexical developments within related languages. The study contributes to vocabulary documentation, the preparation of teaching materials, dictionary development, and a deeper understanding of the linguistic relationship between Mandailing and Angkola.

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Published

2025-05-30

How to Cite

Parapat, A. A., Feri Gunawan, Wina Aulia, Rahmat Huda, Muhammad Rifa’at, & Salma Awae. (2025). Perbandingan Kosakata Bahasa Mandailing dan Bahasa Angkola: Kajian Leksikostatistik dan Korespondensi Bentuk. Journal of Angkola-Mandailing Culture, 2(1), 33–45. https://doi.org/10.64733/angkola-mandailing.v2i1.227

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): May

Section

Article

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